INTRODUCTION
1.
EUROPEAN HEALTHCARE OVERVIEW
1.1
Healthcare Spending
1.2
Healthcare Facilities and Providers
1.3 Reimbursement
Structures and Common Market Directives
1.4
Selected National Healthcare Profiles for Spain
1.4.1 Healthcare Organization and Reform
1.4.2 Hospital/Medical Services and
Reimbursement
Exhibit 1-1: European
Healthcare Expenditures as a Percentage of Gross Domestic Product, Selected
Countries, 2002-2008
Exhibit 1-2: European
Union Population Statistics Comparison for the Years 2000, 2010, and 2020
Exhibit 1-3: Classification
of European Healthcare Providers
Exhibit 1-4: Healthcare
Providers within the European Economy
Exhibit 1-5: Average
Hospital Length of Stay, Acute Care, Selected Countries, 2002-2008
Exhibit 1-6: European
Union, Medical Devices Risk Classification System
Exhibit 1-7: Spain,
Selected National Healthcare Statistics
2.
BLOOD DISORDERS: ANEMIA AND HEMOPHILIA
2.1
Anemia
2.1.1 Iron Deficiency Anemia
2.1.1.1 Etiology
2.1.1.2 Epidemiology
2.1.2 Sickle Cell Anemia
2.1.2.1 Etiology
2.1.2.2 Epidemiology
2.1.3 Thalassemia
2.1.3.1 Etiology
2.1.3.2 Epidemiology
2.2
Hemophilia
2.2.1 Etiology
2.2.2 Epidemiology
Exhibit 2-1: Europe,
Estimated Prevalence of Anemia, by Age and Gender
Exhibit 2-2: Spain
and Europe, Iron Deficiency Anemia, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 2-3: Spain
and Europe, Sickle Cell Anemia, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 2-4: Spain
and Europe, Thalassemia, Comparative Prevalence
Exhibit 2-5: Spain
and Europe, Hemophilia, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
3.
CANCER
3.1
Bladder Cancer
3.1.1 Etiology
3.1.2 Epidemiology
3.2
Brain Tumors
3.2.1 Etiology
3.2.2 Epidemiology
3.3
Breast Cancer
3.3.1 Etiology
3.3.2 Epidemiology
3.4
Cervical/Uterine Cancer
3.4.1 Etiology
3.4.2 Epidemiology
3.5
Colon/Rectal Cancer
3.5.1 Etiology
3.5.2 Epidemiology
3.6
Esophageal Cancer
3.6.1 Etiology
3.6.2 Epidemiology
3.7
Kidney/Urothelial Cancer
3.7.1 Etiology
3.7.2 Epidemiology
3.8
Leukemia
3.8.1 Etiology
3.8.2 Epidemiology
3.9
Lung Cancer
3.9.1 Etiology
3.9.2 Epidemiology
3.10
Lymphoma
3.10.1 Etiology
3.10.2 Epidemiology
3.11
Melanoma
3.11.1 Etiology
3.11.2 Epidemiology
3.12
Oral Cancer
3.12.1 Etiology
3.12.2 Epidemiology
3.13
Ovarian Cancer
3.13.1 Etiology
3.13.2 Epidemiology
3.14
Pancreatic Cancer
3.14.1 Etiology
3.14.2 Epidemiology
3.15
Prostate Cancer
3.15.1 Etiology
3.15.2 Epidemiology
3.16
Stomach Cancer
3.16.1 Etiology
3.16.2 Epidemiology
3.17
Testicular Cancer
3.17.1 Etiology
3.17.2 Epidemiology
Exhibit 3-1: Spain
and Europe, Bladder Cancer, Comparative Incidence and Mortality, by Gender
Exhibit 3-2: Spain
and Europe, Brain Tumors, Comparative Incidence, by Gender
Exhibit 3-3: Spain
and Europe, Breast Cancer, Comparative Incidence and Mortality
Exhibit 3-4: Spain
and Europe, Cervical/Uterine Cancer, Comparative Incidence and Mortality
Exhibit 3-5: Spain
and Europe, Colon/Rectal Cancer, Comparative Incidence and Mortality, by Gender
Exhibit 3-6: Spain
and Europe, Esophageal Cancer, Comparative Incidence and Mortality, by Gender
Exhibit 3-7: Spain
and Europe, Kidney/Urothelial Cancer, Comparative Incidence and Mortality, by
Gender
Exhibit 3-8: Spain
and Europe, Leukemia, Comparative Incidence and Mortality, by Gender
Exhibit 3-9: Spain
and Europe, Lung Cancer, Comparative Incidence and Mortality, by Gender
Exhibit 3-10: Spain
and Europe, Lymphoma, Comparative Incidence and Mortality, by Gender
Exhibit 3-11: Spain
and Europe, Melanoma, Comparative Incidence and Mortality, by Gender
Exhibit 3-12: Spain
and Europe, Oral Cancer, Comparative Incidence and Mortality, by Gender
Exhibit 3-13: Spain
and Europe, Ovarian Cancer, Comparative Incidence and Mortality
Exhibit 3-14: Spain
and Europe, Pancreatic Cancer, Comparative Incidence and Mortality, by Gender
Exhibit 3-15: Spain
and Europe, Prostate Cancer, Comparative Incidence and Mortality
Exhibit 3-16: Spain
and Europe, Stomach Cancer, Comparative Incidence and Mortality, by Gender
Exhibit 3-17: Spain
and Europe, Testicular Cancer, Comparative Incidence and Mortality
4.
CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS
4.1
Cardiac Arrhythmia
4.1.1 Etiology
4.1.2 Epidemiology
4.2
Heart Failure
4.2.1 Etiology
4.2.2 Epidemiology
4.3
Heart Valve Disorders
4.3.1 Etiology
4.3.2 Epidemiology
4.4
Hypertension
4.4.1 Etiology
4.4.2 Epidemiology
4.5
Vascular Disorders
4.5.1 Aneurysms
4.5.1.1 Etiology
4.5.1.2 Epidemiology
4.5.2 Angina Pectoris
4.5.2.1 Etiology
4.5.2.2 Epidemiology
4.5.3 Atherosclerosis
4.5.3.1 Etiology
4.5.3.2 Epidemiology
4.5.4 Myocardial Infarction
4.5.4.1 Etiology
4.5.4.2 Epidemiology
4.5.5 Peripheral Vascular Disease
4.5.5.1 Etiology
4.5.5.2 Epidemiology
Exhibit 4-1: Spain
and Europe, Atrial Fibrillation, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 4-2: Spain
and Europe, Atrial Flutter, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 4-3: Spain
and Europe, Supraventricular Tachycardia, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 4-4: Spain
and Europe, Heart Failure, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence, by Gender
Exhibit 4-5: Spain
and Europe, Heart Valve Disorders, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence, by
Gender
Exhibit 4-6: Spain
and Europe, Hypertension, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 4-7: Spain
and Europe, Aneurysms, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 4-8: Standard
Angina Pectoris Classification
Exhibit 4-9: Spain
and Europe, Angina Pectoris, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence, by Gender
Exhibit 4-10: Spain
and Europe, Hypercholesteremia, Comparative Prevalence, by Gender and Selected
Country
Exhibit 4-11: Spain
and Europe, Myocardial Infarction, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence, by
Gender
Exhibit 4-12: Spain
and Europe, Peripheral Vascular Disease, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
5.
METABOLIC DISORDERS
5.1
Cholelithiasis
5.1.1 Etiology
5.1.2 Epidemiology
5.2
Chronic Kidney Disease/End-Stage Renal Disease
5.2.1 Etiology
5.2.2 Epidemiology
5.3
Diabetes
5.3.1 Etiology
5.3.2 Epidemiology
5.4
Urolithiasis
5.4.1 Etiology
5.4.2 Epidemiology
Exhibit 5-1: Spain
and Europe, Cholelithiasis, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 5-2: Spain
and Europe, Chronic Kidney Disease, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence, by
Gender
Exhibit 5-3: Spain
and Europe, Diabetes, Comparative Incidence, by Gender
Exhibit 5-4: Spain
and Europe, Diabetes, Comparative Prevalence, by Share of Population
Exhibit 5-5: Spain
and Europe, Diabetes, Comparative Prevalence, by Gender and Age Group
Exhibit 5-6: Spain
and Europe, Urolithiasis, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
6.
MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS
6.1
Arthritis
6.1.1 Etiology
6.1.2 Epidemiology
6.2
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome
6.2.1 Etiology
6.2.2 Epidemiology
6.3
Meniscal and Ligament/Tendon Injuries
6.3.1 Etiology
6.3.2 Epidemiology
6.4
Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
6.4.1 Etiology
6.4.2 Epidemiology
6.5
Osteoporosis
6.5.1 Etiology
6.5.2 Epidemiology
Exhibit 6-1: Spain
and Europe, Rheumatoid Arthritis, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 6-2: Spain
and Europe, Osteoarthritis of the Knee, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 6-3: Spain
and Europe, Osteoarthritis of the Hip, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 6-4: Spain
and Europe, Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 6-5: Spain
and Europe, Meniscal and Ligament/Tendon Injuries of the Knee, Comparative
Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 6-6: Spain
and Europe, Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 6-7: Spain
and Europe, Osteoporosis, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
7.
NEUROLOGIC AND PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS
7.1
Alzheimer’s Disease and Dementia
7.1.1 Etiology
7.1.2 Epidemiology
7.2
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
7.2.1 Etiology
7.2.2 Epidemiology
7.3
Bipolar Disorder
7.3.1 Etiology
7.3.2 Epidemiology
7.4
Cerebrovascular Disorders
7.4.1 Arteriovenous Malformation
7.4.1.1 Etiology
7.4.1.2 Epidemiology
7.4.2 Stroke
7.4.2.1 Etiology
7.4.2.2 Epidemiology
7.5
Depression
7.5.1 Etiology
7.5.2 Epidemiology
7.6
Epilepsy
7.6.1 Etiology
7.6.2 Epidemiology
7.7
Huntington’s Disease
7.7.1 Etiology
7.7.2 Epidemiology
7.8
Hydrocephalus
7.8.1 Etiology
7.8.2 Epidemiology
7.9
Multiple Sclerosis
7.9.1 Etiology
7.9.2 Epidemiology
7.10
Myasthenia Gravis
7.10.1 Etiology
7.10.2 Epidemiology
7.11
Parkinson’s Disease
7.11.1 Etiology
7.11.2 Epidemiology
7.12
Schizophrenia
7.12.1 Etiology
7.12.2 Epidemiology
Exhibit 7-1: 2010,
Europe, Diagnosed and Undiagnosed Dementia, Incidence Rates, by Age and Gender
Exhibit 7-2: 2010,
Europe, Diagnosed and Undiagnosed Dementia, Prevalence Rates, by Age and Gender
Exhibit 7-3: Spain
and Europe, Alzheimer’s Disease, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 7-4: Spain
and Europe, Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 7-5: Spain
and Europe, Bipolar Disorder, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 7-6: Spain
and Europe, Arteriovenous Malformation, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 7-7: Spain
and Europe, Stroke, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 7-8: Spain
and Europe, Depression, Comparative Prevalence
Exhibit 7-9: Spain
and Europe, Epilepsy, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 7-10: Spain
and Europe, Huntington’s Disease, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 7-11: Spain
and Europe, Hydrocephalus, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 7-12: Spain
and Europe, Multiple Sclerosis, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 7-13: Spain
and Europe, Myasthenia Gravis, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 7-14: Spain
and Europe, Parkinson’s Disease, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 7-15: Spain
and Europe, Schizophrenia, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
8. OPHTHALMIC DISORDERS:
CATARACTS AND GLAUCOMA
8.1
Cataracts
8.1.1 Etiology
8.1.2 Epidemiology
8.2
Glaucoma
8.2.1 Etiology
8.2.2 Epidemiology
Exhibit 8-1: Spain
and Europe, Cataracts, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence8-
Exhibit 8-2: Spain
and Europe, Glaucoma, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
9. REPRODUCTIVE AND
GENITOURINARY DISORDERS
9.1
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
9.1.1 Etiology
9.1.2 Epidemiology
9.2
Endometriosis
9.2.1 Etiology
9.2.2 Epidemiology
9.3
Erectile Dysfunction
9.3.1 Etiology
9.3.2 Epidemiology
9.4
Infertility
9.4.1 Etiology
9.4.2 Epidemiology
9.5
Urinary Incontinence
9.5.1 Etiology
9.5.2 Epidemiology
Exhibit 9-1: 2010,
Europe, Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, Incidence, by Age
Exhibit 9-2: Spain
and Europe, Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 9-3: Spain
and Europe, Endometriosis, Comparative Prevalence
Exhibit 9-4: Spain
and Europe, Erectile Dysfunction, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 9-5: Spain
and Europe, Infertility, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 9-6: Spain
and Europe, Urinary Incontinence, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
10.
RESPIRATORY DISORDERS
10.1
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
10.1.1 Etiology
10.1.2 Epidemiology
10.2
Apnea
10.2.1 Etiology
10.2.2 Epidemiology
10.3
Asthma
10.3.1 Etiology
10.3.2 Epidemiology
10.4
Cystic Fibrosis
10.4.1 Etiology
10.4.2 Epidemiology
10.5
Emphysema
10.5.1 Etiology
10.5.2 Epidemiology
10.6
Pneumothorax
10.6.1 Etiology
10.6.2 Epidemiology
10.7
Respiratory Failure
10.7.1 Etiology
10.7.2 Epidemiology
10.8
Restrictive Lung Disease
10.8.1 Etiology
10.8.2 Epidemiology
Exhibit 10-1: Spain
and Europe, Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Comparative Incidence
Exhibit 10-2: Spain
and Europe, Apnea, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 10-3: Spain
and Europe, Asthma, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 10-4: Spain
and Europe, Cystic Fibrosis, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 10-5: Spain
and Europe, Emphysema, Comparative Prevalence
Exhibit 10-6: Spain
and Europe, Pneumothorax, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 10-7: Spain
and Europe, Respiratory Failure, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 10-8: Spain
and Europe, Restrictive Lung Disease, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
11.
WOUNDS
11.1
Diabetic Ulcers
11.1.1 Etiology
11.1.2 Epidemiology
11.2
Pressure Ulcers
11.2.1 Etiology
11.2.2 Epidemiology
11.3
Surgical Wounds
11.3.1 Etiology
11.3.2 Epidemiology
11.4
Traumatic Wounds
11.4.1 Burns
11.4.2 Head
Injuries, Lacerations, Contusions, and Abrasions
Exhibit 11-1: Spain
and Europe, Diabetic Ulcers, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 11-2: Spain
and Europe, Pressure Ulcers, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 11-3: Spain
and Europe, Surgical Wounds, Comparative Incidence
Exhibit 11-4: Classification
of Burns, by Mechanism of Injury
Exhibit 11-5: Spain
and Europe, Burns and Acute Traumatic Injury, Comparative Incidence
12. SELECTED
CONDITIONS CAUSED BY INFECTIOUS ORGANISMS
12.1
Chronic Bronchitis
12.1.1 Etiology
12.1.2 Epidemiology
12.2 Human
Immunodeficiency Virus/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
12.2.1 Etiology
12.2.2 Epidemiology
12.3
Pneumonia
12.3.1 Etiology
12.3.2 Epidemiology
12.4
Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies
12.4.1 Etiology
12.4.2 Epidemiology
12.5
Tuberculosis
12.5.1 Etiology
12.5.2 Epidemiology
Exhibit 12-1: Spain
and Europe, Chronic Bronchitis, Comparative Prevalence
Exhibit 12-2: Acquired
Immune Deficiency Syndrome, Indicator Diseases
Exhibit 12-3: Spain
and Europe, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence
Exhibit 12-4: Spain
and Europe, Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome, Comparative Incidence and
Prevalence
Exhibit 12-5: Spain
and Europe, Pneumonia, Comparative Incidence
Exhibit 12-6: Spain
and Europe, Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies, Comparative Incidence
Exhibit 12-7: Spain
and Europe, Tuberculosis, Comparative Incidence and Prevalence